Journal articles

Embleton L, Gayapersad A, Shah P, Kiptui R, Ayuku D, Braitstein P. “Identifying strategies to advance health equity through action on social determinants of health and human rights for street-connected children and youth in Kenya.” Health and Human Rights Journal....

Kibel M, Pierzchalski J, Gorfinkel L, Embleton L, Ayuku D, Hogg RS, Braitstein P. “Standardized Mortality Ratios Between Street-Connected Youth and the General Youth Population in an Urban Setting in Sub-Saharan Africa” Global Health Science and Practice. In press.

Embleton L, DiRuggiero E, Logie C, Ayuku D, Braitstein P. “Improving livelihoods and gender equitable attitudes of street-connected young people in Eldoret, Kenya: results from a pilot evidence-based intervention”. Health and Social Care in the Community, Health Soc Care...

Embleton P, DiRuggiero E, Logie C, Ayuku D, Braitstein P. “Piloting an evidence-based intervention for HIV prevention among street youth in Eldoret, Kenya”. International Journal of Public Health. 2020 Apr 9. doi: 10.1007/s00038-020-01349-8. PMID: 32270232 Abstract: This study presents...

Braitstein P. “Analysis – Leaving no one behind: Family homelessness and SDG 13 (Climate Action)”. In Family Homelessness Through the Lens of the United Nations 2030 Agenda. UNANIMA. Published February 2020 Family Homelessness UNANIMA Report

Embleton L, Di Ruggiero E, Odep Okal E, Chan AK, Logie CH, Ayuku D, Braitstein P. “Adapting an evidence-based gender, livelihoods, and HIV prevention intervention with street-connected young people in Eldoret, Kenya.” Glob Public Health. 2019 Jun 4:1-15. doi:...

Gayapersad A, Ombok C, Kamanda A, Tarus C, Ayuku D, Braitstein P. “The production and reproduction of kinship in Charitable Children’s Institutions in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya.” Child and Youth Care Forum (2019). doi.org/10.1007/s10566-019-09506-8 Abstract: The negative impact of...

Braitstein P, Ayuku D, DeLong A, Makori D, Sang E, Tarus C, Kamanda A, Shah P, Apondi E, Wachira J. “HIV prevalence in young people and children living on the streets, Kenya.”. Bull World Health Organ. 2019 Jan 1;97(1):33-41. doi:...

Galárraga O, Shah P, Wilson-Barthes M, Ayuku D, Braitstein P. “Cost and cost-effectiveness of voluntary medical male circumcision in street-connected youth: findings from an education-based pilot intervention in Eldoret, Kenya”. AIDS Res Ther. 2018 Nov 29;15(1):24. doi: 10.1186/s12981-018-0207-x. PMID:...

Shah P, Kibel M, Ayuku D, Lobun R, Ayieko J, Keter A, Kamanda A, Makori D, Khaema C, Ngeresa A, Embleton L, MacDonald K, Apondi E, Braitstein P. “A pilot study of “Peer Navigators” to increase uptake of HIV...

*Kibel, M., Shah, P., Makori, D., Ayuku, D., Apondi, E., Wachira J., Braitstein, P. “Acceptability of a pilot program to provide voluntary male medical circumcision to street connected youth in western Kenya as part of a ten-day healing, education,...

Embleton L, Ayuku D, Makori D, Kamanda A, Braitstein P. “Mortality among street connected children and youth in western Kenya: a retrospective case series”. BMC Health and Human Rights. 2018 May 15;18(1):19. doi: 10.1186/s12914-018-0160-8. PMID: 29764412 Abstract: Street-connected young people...

Shangani, S., Operario, D., Genberg, B., Kirwa, K., Midoun, M., Atwoli, L., et al. (2017) PLoS ONE 12(5): e0178076 Abstract: Orphaned and vulnerable adolescents (OVA) in sub-Saharan Africa are at greater risk for adverse psychological outcomes compared with their non-OVA...

Embleton, L., Nyandat, J., Ayuku, D., Sang, E., Kamanda, A., Ayaya, S., … & Galarraga, O. (2017). Sexual Behavior Among Orphaned Adolescents in Western Kenya: A Comparison of Institutional-and Family-Based Care Settings. Journal of Adolescent Health, 60(4), 417-424. .015 Abstract:...

Wachira, J., Kamanda, A., Embleton, L., Naanyu, V., Ayuku, D., & Braitstein, P. (2016). ‘Pregnancy Has Its Advantages’: The Voices of Street Connected Children and Youth in Eldoret, Kenya. PloS one, 11(3), e0150814. Abstract: Little is known about the reproductive health or...

Embleton, L., Lee, H., Gunn, J., Ayuku, D., & Braitstein, P. (2016). Causes of Child and Youth Homelessness in Developed and Developing Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA pediatrics, 170(5), 435-444. Abstract:  A systematic compilation of children and youth’s reported...

Szkwarko, D., Mercer, T., Kimani, S., Braitstein, P., Buziba, N., & Carter, E. J. (2016). Implementing intensified tuberculosis case-finding among street-connected youth and young adults in Kenya. Public Health Action, 6(2), 142-146. Abstract: Street-connected youth and young adults (SCY) suffer a myriad...

Winston, S. E., Chirchir, A. K., Muthoni, L. N., Ayuku, D., Koech, J., Nyandiko, W., … & Braitstein, P. (2015). Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections including HIV in street-connected adolescents in western Kenya. Sexually transmitted infections, 91(5), 353-359. ABSTRACT: The objectives...

Wachira, J., Kamanda, A., Embleton, L., Naanyu, V., Winston, S., Ayuku, D., & Braitstein, P. (2015). Initiation to street life: a qualitative examination of the physical, social, and psychological practices in becoming an accepted member of the street youth...

Embleton, L., Wachira, J., Kamanda, A., Naanyu, V., Ayuku, D., & Braitstein, P. (2016). Eating sweets without the wrapper: perceptions of HIV and sexually transmitted infections among street youth in western Kenya. Culture, health & sexuality, 18(3), 337-348. ABSTRACT: Street-connected youth in...

Embleton, L., Wachira, J., Kamanda, A., Naanyu, V., Winston, S., Ayuku, D., & Braitstein, P. (2015). “Once you join the streets you will have to do it”: sexual practices of street children and youth in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. Reproductive...

Embleton, L., Ott, M. A., Wachira, J., Naanyu, V., Kamanda, A., Makori, D., … & Braitstein, P. (2015). Adapting ethical guidelines for adolescent health research to street-connected children and youth in low-and middle-income countries: a case study from western...

Braitstein P, (2015) Institutional Care of Children in Low- and Middle-Income Settings: Challenging the Conventional Wisdom
 of Oliver Twist. Global Health: Science and Practice Abstract: Whether institutions or extended families are better suited to care for orphans depends on...

Sorber, R., Winston, S., Koech, J., Ayuku, D., Hu, L., Hogan, J., & Braitstein, P. (2014). Social and economic characteristics of street youth by gender and level of street involvement in Eldoret, Kenya. PLoS One, 9(5), e97587. Abstract: Street-connected youth are...

Nichols, J., Embleton, L., Mwangi, A., Morantz, G., Vreeman, R., Ayaya, S., … & Braitstein, P. (2014). Physical and sexual abuse in orphaned compared to non-orphaned children in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Child abuse & neglect, 38(2), 304-316....

Embleton, L., Ayuku, D., Kamanda, A., Atwoli, L., Ayaya, S., Vreeman, R., … & Braitstein, P. (2014). Models of care for orphaned and separated children and upholding children’s rights: cross-sectional evidence from western Kenya. BMC international health and human rights, 14(1),...

Ayuku, D., Embleton, L., Koech, J., Atwoli, L., Hu, L., Ayaya, S., … & Braitstein, P. (2014). The government of Kenya cash transfer for orphaned and vulnerable children: cross-sectional comparison of household and individual characteristics of those with and...

Atwoli, L., Ayuku, D., Hogan, J., Koech, J., Vreeman, R. C., Ayaya, S., & Braitstein, P. (2014). Impact of domestic care environment on trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder among orphans in western Kenya. PLoS One, 9(3), e89937. Abstract: The aim of...

Morantz, G., Cole, D., Vreeman, R., Ayaya, S., Ayuku, D., & Braitstein, P. (2013). Child abuse and neglect among orphaned children and youth living in extended families in sub-Saharan Africa: What have we learned from qualitative inquiry?. Vulnerable children and...

Morantz, G., Cole, D. C., Ayaya, S., Ayuku, D., & Braitstein, P. (2013). Maltreatment experiences and associated factors prior to admission to residential care: A sample of institutionalized children and youth in western Kenya. Child abuse & neglect, 37(10), 778-787. Study Objectives:...

Kamanda, A., Embleton, L., Ayuku, D., Atwoli, L., Gisore, P., Ayaya, S., … & Braitstein, P. (2013). Harnessing the power of the grassroots to conduct public health research in sub-Saharan Africa: a case study from western Kenya in the...

Embleton, L., Atwoli, L., Ayuku, D., & Braitstein, P. (2013). The journey of addiction: barriers to and facilitators of drug use cessation among street children and youths in Western Kenya. PloS one, 8(1), e53435. Abstract: This mixed-methods study examined barriers to...

Embleton, L., Ayuku, D., & Braitstein, P. (2013). Lost indeed, but not in translation. Addiction, 108(10), 1735-1736. Monteiro provides a passionate and compelling commentary on our systematic review and meta-analysis of substance use among street-involved children in resource-constrained settings ....

Embleton, L., Mwangi, A., Vreeman, R., Ayuku, D., & Braitstein, P. (2013). The epidemiology of substance use among street children in resource‐constrained settings: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Addiction, 108(10), 1722-1733. ABSTRACT: To compile and analyze critically the literature published on street...

Braitstein, P., Ayaya, S., Nyandiko, W. M., Kamanda, A., Koech, J., Gisore, P., . . . Ayuku, D. O. (2013). Nutritional status of orphaned and separated children and adolescents living in community and institutional environments in uasin gishu county,...

Vreeman, R., Kamaara, E., Kamanda, A., Ayuku, D., Nyandiko, W., Atwoli, L., … & Braitstein, P. (2012). Community perspectives on research consent involving vulnerable children in Western Kenya. Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics, 7(4), 44-55. ABSTRACT: Involving vulnerable...

Vreeman, R., Kamaara, E., Kamanda, A., Ayuku, D., Nyandiko, W., Atwoli, L., … & Braitstein, P. (2012). A qualitative study using traditional community assemblies to investigate community perspectives on informed consent and research participation in western Kenya. BMC medical ethics, 13(1),...

Thompson, R. T., Meslin, E. M., Braitstein, P. K., Nyandiko, W. M., Ayaya, S. O., & Vreeman, R. C. (2012). The vulnerabilities of orphaned children participating in research: A critical review and factors for consideration for participation in biomedical...

Embleton, L., Ayuku, D., Atwoli, L., Vreeman, R., & Braitstein, P. (2012). Knowledge, attitudes, and substance use practices among street children in Western Kenya. Substance use & misuse, 47(11), 1234-1247. Abstract: The study describes the knowledge of and attitudes toward substance...